Year: 2025 | Month: September | Volume 18 | Issue 3
Pesticide Usage in India: Trends, Regional Consumption, Toxicological Impact, and Analytical Approaches
Manoj Sharma
Nikhil Singh
Sakshi Sharma
Sonali Sharma
DOI:10.30954/0974-1712.03.2025.5
Abstract:
Pesticides are vital tools in modern agriculture and public health, but their extensive use has raised serious ecological and health concerns. This review comprehensively examines the classification, environmental behavior, and health impacts of major pesticide groups including organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates, and pyrethroids. Drawing from extensive literature and national data, we highlight pesticide usage patterns in India, residue levels in food crops, and associated chronic health effects such as cancer,
neurotoxicity, endocrine disruption, and respiratory illnesses. Special attention is given to residue detection in vegetables across Indian states and the carcinogenic mechanisms triggered by prolonged pesticide exposure. The review also explores regulatory measures and sustainable pest control alternatives like biopesticides and Integrated Pest Management (IPM). Our findings underscore the urgency for policy reforms, improved farmer awareness, and environmentally safer pest control technologies to balance agricultural productivity with public and environmental health.
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