Year: 2023 | Month: December | Volume 16 | Issue 4
Production and Characterization of Biochar Produced from Batch Slow Pyrolysis of Millet Straw
I. Abubakar and M.D. Saeed
DOI:10.30954/0974-1712.04.2023.4
Abstract:
Agricultural waste is a vital renewable resource that promotes environmental sustainability, global
economic growth, and energy security. The focus of this study is on the effect of pyrolysis temperature on
physicochemical properties of biochar derived from millet straws as an agricultural wastes pyrolyzed at
four different pyrolysis temperatures of 300, 400, 500 and 600 ◦C for 30, 60, 90, and 105-minutes residence
time, respectively. The produced biochars were characterized by proximate and ultimate analysis,
Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
(FTIR). Pyrolysis temperature was shown to have a strong influence on physicochemical characteristic
of biochar samples. The experimental data shows that as pyrolysis temperature increased, ash content,
pH, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, fixed carbon, BET surface area, and total C content
increased while biochar yield, total content of O, H and S significantly decreased. Similarly, the ratios
of O/C, H/C, tended to decrease with the upsurge of pyrolysis temperature. The FTIR data indicated an
increase in aromaticity and a decrease in polarity of biochar produced at a high temperature. Meanwhile,
the XRD showed that with increased in pyrolysis temperature, cellulose component of biomass loss and
crystalline mineral components increased. The result suggest that biochar produced at higher pyrolysis
temperatures possess stable carbon, which can be used to sequester carbon when used as soil amendment.
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